A five-judge Constitution Bench held that when the Court struck down Section 6A of the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act in Subramanian Swamy (2014), the provision was not merely invalid going forward — it was void ab initio, unenforceable from the date of its insertion on 11 September 2003. The Bench rejected the Article 20(1) ex-post-facto objection because Section 6A was a procedural protection, not a penal provision creating an offence.
On 5 February 2025, the Madhya Pradesh High Court granted anticipatory bail in a rape case on condition that the accused surrender all electronic devices and social-media passwords to the investigating agency, raising sharp questions of privacy and self-incrimination.
On 19 May 2026, a two-judge bench held that a directed crime-scene re-enactment limited to physical movements does not per se amount to testimonial compulsion under Article 20(3); such material is admissible as corroborative — not substantive — evidence. Conviction restored on circumstantial proof; death sentence commuted to life.