Tagged “constructive-liability”

2 articles on constructive-liability.

Mahbub Shah v. Emperor: common intention and the pre-arranged plan under Section 34

In 1945 the Privy Council acquitted Mahbub Shah of murder, holding that Section 34 IPC demands a pre-arranged plan — a shared intention, not a merely similar one — to fasten constructive liability.

Valkya Editorial·14 Jun 2026·7 min

Landmark JudgmentSupreme Court of India

Pandurang v. State of Hyderabad: common intention versus similar intention

Vivian Bose J.'s 1955 judgment refined Section 34 IPC, holding that common intention may form on the spur of the moment but must be distinguished from a merely similar intention — a distinction 'fine but nonetheless a real one'.

Valkya Editorial·14 Jun 2026·6 min