Landmark JudgmentSupreme Court of IndiaMalkhansingh v. State of Madhya Pradesh: the evidentiary value of a test identification paradeThe 2003 Supreme Court decision settling the value of a test identification parade — the substantive evidence is identification in court; a TIP belongs to the investigation stage, is a rule of prudence, and is not itself substantive evidence.Valkya Editorial·14 Jun 2026·6 min