The 1983 decision in which the Supreme Court first awarded monetary compensation under Article 32 for breach of Article 21 — the birth of constitutional-tort jurisprudence in India.
On 29 May 2026, a two-judge bench awarded ₹11 lakh in constitutional compensation for 24 days of illegal incarceration after a parole-release order, reiterating the 'obey first, appeal later' principle.